Treatment of varicose veins on the legs with the help of drugs is not always has a positive effect.
This is particularly difficult to treat varicosity, if at a later stage. In this case, surgical intervention was the only option to remedy the pathology.
For many people the surgery, that's a terrible procedure, so that they are a long time afraid to go to the doctor, which rely on some forms of home treatment. The disease still progress and the patient's condition to deteriorate.
Operation for varicosity the lower extremities is assigned, under the following conditions:
- if the saphenous vein is increased due to physiological pathology;
- if the disease is in the advanced stage, when treatment varicosity medicines or folk remedies do not help;
- in the formation of trophic ulcers on the skin;
- if the violations of the circulatory bloodstream, in which the patient experiences constant fatigue, quickly gets tired, feels pain and heaviness in the legs;
- a acute thrombophlebitis;
- if you have any trophic lesions on the skin.
In some patients, surgery of varicose veins in the legs may be contraindicated. Barriers to surgical intervention, are:
- elevated blood pressure;
- severe infectious diseases;
- coronary artery disease;
- the patient's age (over 70 years);
- skin diseases – eczema, erysipilatous inflammation, etc;
- in the second half of pregnancy.
Surgery is the most effective and safe treatment option varicosity. An experienced doctor will be able to quickly remove the pathology, and the patient will return to a normal life without suffering was causing him sickness.
Intervention
The type of surgery depends on the individual characteristics of the disease. Some types of operations, which is suitable for one person, may not work for another. Before surgery, the doctor examines the form of the disease, the symptoms and the likelihood of complications.
Surgical
The most time consuming and complex process associated with high likelihood of complications is phlebectomy surgical removal of varicose veins. It is prescribed only in cases, when other treatments are not able to exert any positive effect.
In the process of these operations in the groin area of the patient to a small (3-5 mm) incisions, through which the affected vein ligated in the place where it empties into the deep vein, then cut and pulled from the legs, using a special probe. After the removal of veins, in pieces, introduced absorbable suture. The operation lasts from 1 to 2 hours, while the patient is in hospital less than one day, then go home.
Types of phlebectomies procedure, as miniphlebectomy, where on the body that are not designed cuts, and holes. This mode allows you to operate with less injury to the skin and to reduce the period of rehabilitation.
Expoliantes is another kind of surgical treatment of varicosity. In the context of this procedure extracted all of the Vienna, not entirely, but only part of it that was exposed to varicose expansion. The removal is carried out through the holes in the skin, which prevents the suturing.
Sclerosing
Less traumatic method of surgical intervention, it is considered sclerotherapy. This lies in the fact that with the help of ultrasound determines the exact location of the dilated veins, which enter a special substance (sclerosant). This substance is a gum of the affected blood vessels, preventing the flow of blood on them. After the surgery, that the patient is veins formed scars, reduce edema. The patient ceases to feel the burden and pain in the legs, and if you have had ulcers, they'll heal quickly.
Sclerotherapy is of two types:
- Echo-sclerotherapy deduxit. This procedure is used if the affected vein diameter reached 1 cm or more. For the first time, the blood vessels are examined with the aid of a special device – a duplex scanner, then under his supervision performed the puncture, and then injected in the vein of sclerosant. This procedure allows to reduce the diameter of the affected vessel and restore normal blood flow in it.
- Sclerosing foam. The most safe and completely painless form of sclerotherapy. In the affected vessels are injected with a special foam, which fills it and stops the flow of blood inside the vessels.
For maximum effect, typically more treatment sclerotherapy. Recurrence of varicosity when this almost never happens.
Laser photocoagulation
Surgical removal of the varicosity of the leg veins with the laser, it is considered the most technologically advanced kind of struggle with varicosity and helps eliminate pathologic dilatation in 90% of cases. During this procedure, incisions tissue not carried out, which allows you to avoid cosmetic defects.
Through the puncture in the skin type of laser light guide, which transmits light waves. In the context of their action is the dissolution of the patient's vessel. This method has a low number of repetitions – repetitions varicosity formation occurs only in 5% of patients.
Similar to laser coagulation in the treatment of varicosity is the radio contritio. The essence of the method is the impact on the patient's vein microwaves to heat the vessels, which causes the "welding". This treatment method is considered to be the most easy and painless. This can be used in severe cases when the veins reach a large size.
The possible consequences and status, in the postoperative period
Almost all types of operations to remove the varicosity of the legs, safe and causes no complications in very rare cases.
The maximum likelihood of complications and a severe leakage of the rehabilitation period occurs after phlebectomies. In the field of remote vein may occur of bruising, and sometimes cuts can bleed like the other tributaries of the veins.
2-3 days after surgery, some patients may increase temperature. This is due to aseptic inflammation in the blood, which accumulates under the skin.
If the accumulated blood will be very much in the veins can be in the form of lumps, painful to the touch. If the skin over the lumps, acquired a reddish tone, then began a bacterial inflammation. In this case you will need urgent treatment in hospital.
Other possible complications after surgery may include:
- Numbness of the skin, pain. They occur, if during the operation were injured nerve endings. Over time, the pain will disappear and skin sensitivity will be restored.
- Bruises. Formed by phlebectomies, as it is quite traumatica operation. After some time, usually not more than a month ago are completely gone. When minimally invasive treatments (sclerotherapy or laser coagulation) bruises are almost never stays.
- Swelling. This can occur if the patient should not be prescribed in the postoperative period – a lot of moves, do not wear special clothes or expose himself in a huge physical stress.
After surgery, most patients lead an inactive way of life. Due to inactivity you can come to such a dangerous phenomenon of acute deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities. To prevent this, you need to do special exercises, diet and take medication to prevent thrombosis.
Rehabilitation after the removal of the varicosity of the lower extremities
Compliance with the physician in the postoperative period, which is the most important part of treatment and prevention of recurrence of varicosity. Most patients are encouraged to:
- Tightly bandaged the leg with an elastic bandage.
- Wear special compression garments – stockings or socks.
- Do not lift more than 10 kg first six months after surgery.
- Exercise-moderate physical activity – Jogging, swimming, Cycling.
- For the control of body weight, if you have problems with excess weight.
- Each year is a past, of course, the reception of venotonic drugs.
Within 3 days after the surgery, patients are strictly prohibited to smoke and to drink alcohol, sunbathe, lift weights, drive a car and take a hot bath.
When pain in the operated leg can help of light massage, which was carried out independently.
Recommendations for prevention of recurrence
Even if the operation to remove the varicosity of the veins has been carried out successfully, there is always the risk of recurrence of the disease. To minimize the likelihood of recurrence, it is necessary to take into account preventive measures:
- lead an active lifestyle with sports, often walk in the fresh air;
- in the sitting position is needed to ensure that the posture was smooth, that will not put one leg on the other side, as leads to violations of venous blood flow;
- to fight against obesity;
- moderate enjoy coffee and tea;
- every morning, doing gymnastics feet;
- abandon too tight and tight shoes and clothes.
Varicose veins is a disease, which is also complete cure requires adherence to a certain lifestyle.
Preventive measures after the surgery will have to in accordance with not the first few months, and in life. The only way to normalize the status of the body and eliminates the possibility of recurrence of the disease.